They are colourless gases that are present in crude oil as a minor constituent in quantities that are too small for viable extraction. It is obtained by catalytic cracking of long-chain hydrocarbons left during refining of crude oil. Cracking produces a mixture of products, and the butene is extracted from this by fractional distillation.It can be used as the monomer for polybutene, but this polymer is more expensive than alternatives with shorter carbon chains such as polypropylene. Polybutene is therefore used in more specialized applications. Butenes are more commonly used to make copolymer.Butane is mainly used as a fuel for domestic use (gas stove, water heater) and for extras (heating).n-Butane is used as a chemical feedstock for special chemicals in the solvent, rubber, and plastics industries. Isobutane is used as a raw material for petrochemicals, an industrial carrier gas, and in the chemical industry for the production of propylene glycols, oxides, polyurethane foams, and resins.
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